INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL SCENCES
The Role of Small Modular Reactors in Turkey’s Nuclear Energy Expansion
In recent years, Turkey has taken significant steps in the field of nuclear energy to enhance energy security, reduce dependency on energy imports, and accelerate the transition to low-carbon energy sources. The country’s primary vulnerability in terms of energy security stems from its heavy reliance on imported energy, as domestic resources are insufficient to meet current demand. A substantial portion of Turkey’s external trade deficit is attributed to energy imports, a burden that intensifies during periods of rising energy costs. Despite its considerable potential for renewable energy, Turkey continues to explore alternative energy solutions, including nuclear power, as a transitional energy source within its broader energy transformation strategy. Although Turkey’s nuclear energy initiative dates back to the 1960s, nuclear power has yet to be integrated into its energy mix. In addition to the ongoing construction of the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant in Mersin, two additional nuclear facilities are planned in different regions. However, large-scale nuclear power plants—often referred to as “white elephants” due to their high costs and political complexities—pose significant economic and political challenges. In response, Turkey has increasingly turned its attention to small modular reactors (SMRs), actively seeking investment in these emerging technologies. SMRs offer distinct advantages, including lower capital investment requirements, shorter construction timelines, and the potential to mitigate regional energy supply imbalances. This study aims to analyze Turkey’s strategic planning for modular nuclear power plants and its ongoing negotiations with potential investor countries. Employing a case study methodology, this research will explore the prospective role of SMRs in Turkey’s nuclear energy expansion.
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