5TH INTERNATIONAL ACHARAKA CONGRESS ON LIFE, ENGINEERING, AND APPLIED SCIENCES
THE EFFECT OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS OBTAINED FROM DIFFERENT TISSUES ON DIABETES MELLITUS
Yazarlar:
Neslihan Meric
Gamze Zengin
Yayıncı:
BZT Akademi Yayınevi
Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by high levels of blood sugar that, over time, leads to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. There are four types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and monogenic diabetes. The most common is type 2 diabetes, which usually occurs in adults and occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or cannot produce enough insulin. Diabetes affects an estimated 537 million adults aged 20-79 worldwide and is projected to affect 643 million people worldwide in 2030 and 783 million people in 2045. There are still no definitive treatment methods for diabetes. Stem cells have the ability to form every tissue in the human body, thus having great potential for future therapeutic use in tissue regeneration and repair. The field of stem cell therapy is developing rapidly and stem cells have begun to be used in the treatment of degenerative diseases and cancer and in the repair of damaged or lost tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are stromal cells that are capable of self-renewal and also exhibit multilineage differentiation. MSCs can be used in the umbilical cord, endometrial polyps, bone marrow, adipose tissue, etc. It can be isolated from various tissues, such as MSCs, which contain differentiation potential, immunosuppressive properties, and anti-inflammatory effects and are considered an ideal candidate cell type for the treatment of diabetes. Studies in recent years have included MSC therapy to treat diabetes-related vascular complications, wound healing, and even incipient diagnoses. Researchers have developed insulin-secreting MSCs and administered them along with hematopoietic stem cells to patients with type I diabetes. In their study of autologous transplantation via the intrapancreatic route, they observed that it tended to have a better C-peptide and postprandial glucose at 15-24 months compared to allogeneic transplantation. Both studies noted stem cell application as a safe procedure with potential benefits. In this context, in our review study, the treatment effectiveness of treatments with MSCs isolated from different tissues in different types of diabetes will be examined in the existing literature.
