International Congress of Postgraduate Students from ALTAI to ANATOLIA
ULUĞ BEY AND ZİC-İ ULUĞ BEY: THE ASTRONOMY SUMMIT OF THE MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC WORLD
Yazarlar:
Sevda BAL
Ayşe Afşin ÜNAL
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Akademik Paylaşım Platformu Publishing House - APP Publications
Ulug Beg (1394-1449), who lived in 15th century Central Asia, was not only a ruler and administrator of the Timurid Empire, but also one of the most important astronomers of his time. His name is immortalized especially with his work Zic-i Ulugh Beg. The only work of his that has survived to the present day is this catalog of stars. In this article, Ulug Beg's life, his scientific works and the importance of Zij-i Ulug Beg in the history of astronomy will be discussed in detail. Ulug Beg was born in Sultaniye, South Azerbaijan in 1394 and grew up in an important noble family as the grandson of Timur, the ruler of the Timurid Empire. Ulug Beg, whose real name was Muhammad Taragay, received this title because his grandfather Timur loved him very much and he was the eldest son of Shahrukh. In response to this love, the courtiers called him Ulug Beg instead of Muhammad since his childhood. According to Turkish tradition, Ulug Beg grew up with his grandfather and grandmothers. His mother, Gevherşad Agha, was a descendant of Chagatai nobility and his father was Shahruh, the youngest son of Emir Timur. Since his father Shahrukh was the governor of Khorasan, he grew up in an environment intertwined with science and art. His father established a palace in Herat, the cultural and scientific center of the region, and created a refuge for artists and scholars. In this intellectual atmosphere, Ulug Beg developed his interest in science from an early age. Ulug Beg's scientific education began with the lessons he received from the leading scholars of the period, and the political strife in the political arena led Ulug Beg to focus on science and to take the title of the ruler astronomer. His interest in mathematics and astronomy led him to establish an observatory in Samarkand. This observatory was the largest and most advanced observatory built in the Islamic world up to that time. Ulug Beg gathered many famous scientists here and started to conduct systematic observations and research. Ali Kuşçu, who came to the Ottoman Empire after Ulug Beg's death and carried out important studies during the reign of Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror, was also included in the observatory where distinguished scientists took place. As a result of these studies carried out by Ulug Beg with about 60 scientists in this observatory, the Zic-i Ulug Beg, which was prepared with great care, emerged.
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