9. INTERNATIONAL HASANKEYF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INNOVATION CONGRESS
HASANKEYF IN CLASSICAL PERIOD ARAB LITERATURE SOURCES
Arabs used writing very little in the pre-Islamic period and transferred the elements of literary culture orally from generation to generation. Therefore, apart from a few literary elements suitable for oral development and preservation, no evidence of the existence of scientific work in that period has been found. At the beginning of the Islamic period, scientific studies, mostly in the context of language, began with the aim of understanding and preserving the Quran revealed in the Arabic language. Soon, works on poetry, ancestry, history, the animal world, as well as settlements and geographical locations called "emâkin" or "mesalik and memalik" began to follow them. Thanks to travelers, Muslims' continuous expansion of their geography, and commercial travels, the scope of these works exceeded the Arabian peninsula. It has been established that the subject of Hasankeyf is not limited to the "emâkin" works, which are about settlements and geographical places in a dictionary format, in the sources of classical Arabic literature. In addition to these, other works also mention the wars fought in Hasankeyf, the durability of the castle, which countries or communities it was under, its administrators, its harmony with the Tigris River, and the livelihoods and lifestyles of the people of the region. In this study, how these issues related to Hasankeyf are discussed in the aforementioned works is examined in a certain order. As a result of the evaluation of the sources in question, it was concluded that Hasankeyf has such historical and cultural importance that it can be compared with settlements such as Diyarbakır and Mardin and can be used as a center for the detection and determination of the surrounding settlements.
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