6. INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON CONTEMPORARY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
POSTPRANDIAL DYSMETABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Considering the frequency of eating in society, it is seen that people spend a large part of the day, such as 18 hours, in a postprandial state. Metabolic events that occur in the period following a meal, including the digestion and absorption processes, are referred to as postprandial metabolism. Although postprandial metabolism varies depending on the content of the food consumed, it also varies from person to person depending on physiological and genetic factors. People's susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases is related to their postprandial metabolism.The term postprandial dysmetabolism, which we can define as a disorder in postprandial metabolism; It includes postprandial hyperglycemia and postprandial hyperlipidemia conditions.In healthy individuals, plasma glucose level reaches its highest level in the 1st hour after a meal. Postprandial glucose levels at 1 hour after a meal normally range from 70 to 100 mg/dL (3.9 to 5.5 mmol/L), rarely exceed 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L), and are usually 2 to 3 It returns to preprandial (pre-meal) levels after an hour.Studies have shown that there is a strong positive correlation between postprandial TG levels and CVD, and that people with high postprandial TG levels are at higher risk for CVD compared to people with low postprandial TG levels.It has been suggested that the reason why people with postprandial hypertriglyceridemia are more prone to atherosclerosis is the presence of increased and prolonged atherogenic chylomicron remnants, decreased HDL levels, and the initiation of the inflammatory process by the effect of remnants. Remnant lipoproteins, like LDL, adhere to the artery wall, can pass into the subendothelial space and are exposed to oxidation there. Foam cell formation occurs as a result of phagocytosis of macrophages, which initiates atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is considered the initial step of atherosclerosis and plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis.In addition to pharmacotherapy, lifestyle changes are also required for the treatment of postprandial dysmetabolism, which predisposes to cardiovascular diseases. Exercise, Mediterranean diet nutrition, correct and regular supplement use are factors that can regulate lifestyle.
