25.ULUSLARARASI ORTAÇAĞ VE TÜRK DÖNEMİ KAZILARI VE SANAT TARİHİ ARAŞTIRMALARI
EXAMPLES OF ISLAMIC PERIOD RELIEF-OPENWORK JUG AND FILTER IN ISTANBUL ARCHEOLOGY MUSEUMS
Yayıncı:
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Yayınları
Unglazed ceramics, which have an important and special place in ceramic art, have different decoration techniques. Unglazed ceramics, which are decorated in different techniques such as scraping, printing, stamping, relief or openwork (ajur), are among the important finds found in many medieval excavation sites. The examples we evaluated within the scope of our study are located in Istanbul Archaeological Museums, and almost all of them have been transferred to the museum through purchases and grants. Unglazed ceramics with relief technique are common in Anatolia, especially in the Middle Ages. This number is increasing day by day with the studies prepared as a result of recent excavations and researches. Unfortunately, it is not possible to say the same for openwork technique ceramics. If we need to evaluate the openwork ceramics also produced in China during the Yuan Dynasty within the Islamic ceramic art, it is seen that it is quite common In Iran during the Great Seljuk period and Syria between 11th-13th. centuries and in Egypt, especially in the Fatimid period. It is understood that the jugs in the museum, whose bodies are decorated with figures and motifs in relief, generally have a single handle and a conical body. Openwork technique ceramics, on the other hand, usually consist of the mentioned jug and the strainers located in the necks of the jugs. Considering the difficulties in the application of the openwork technique, the presence of motifs such as the jug strainer in a small part, like a lace, is like an indicator of the subtleties of Islamic ceramic art. In addition to the clay and form properties of these jug and filter samples, which are 11 in total, the close similarity of the decoration repertoire, especially in the filters, with the samples from the Fatimid period in Egypt is striking. In addition to the decorations consisting of various geometric and writing elements embroidered with openwork technique on the strainers, the relief technique body with figured decoration is among the remarkable examples. Based on the fact that there is not much work on the subject, we believe that explaining the examples we will introduce in comparison with the Egyptian samples and their contemporary Islamic period ceramics will once again reveal the magnificence in the details of Islamic ceramic art.
