25.ULUSLARARASI ORTAÇAĞ VE TÜRK DÖNEMİ KAZILARI VE SANAT TARİHİ ARAŞTIRMALARI
THE COMMENT ON THE RELATION BETWEEN PRODUCTIONS OF GLAZED CERAMIC AND GLASS IN ANAIA/KADIKALESI IN THE MADIEVAL
Yayıncı:
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Yayınları
Kuşadası Kadıkalesi/Anaia , an important place where medieval Byzantine glazed ceramics were produced, was also one of the glass production centers. As a matter of fact, more than twenty one thousand pieces of glass in the finds indicate the existence of glass works for almost every function. However, the number of bowls among Kadıkalesi glasses is quite low. In our opinion, this can be interpreted as the preference for ceramics instead of glass tableware, according to the abundance of Zeuxippus type finds that were fashionable at that time. In Byzantine ceramics literature, this glazed ceramic group, named after the Zeukssipus bath excavations in Istanbul where it was first seen, was actually produced in many places outside the capital. Kadıkalesi examples, on the other hand, attract attention with their thin walls, yellow and green glassy glazes. Anaia, as noted in A. P, Kazhdan and A. Wharton-Epstein’s book titled “The Change of Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries”, was one of the provincial settlements that replaced the workshops in the capital, whose production was declining. This “Late Byzantine” port settlement also had a location that allowed overseas trade. Therefore, Kadıkalesi Medieval pottery from glass to ceramics was produced specifically to be sold in overseas markets. According to the archaeological sources of the Kadıkalesi/ Anaia excavations, the commercial production of glass and “Zeuxippus Type” vessels begins after the second half of the 13th century. In our paper, these dense commercial vessels, are highlighted with graphs including numerical data in terms of materials and years and our views on the production coexistence of both groups of finds will be shared. In addition, common details about the production findings of Anaia Byzantine glass and ceramics, which are sometimes confused with each other, will also be mentioned.
