MIDDLE EAST 10th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTEMPORARY SCIENTIFIC STUDIES
THE ROLE OF MICROORGANISMS AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRICHODERMA IN ALLEVIATION OF BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESS IN VEGETABLE GROWTH
Yayıncı:
Liberty Publications
Abiotic stresses include factors such as drought, high and low temperatures, soil salinity, soil acidity, and low light conditions, while biotic stresses include pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and caterpillars, as well as disease agents such as nematodes, viruses, bacteria, and various fungi. These stresses are becoming more apparent, especially with the effects of climate change, and are causing yield and quality losses in the product. Techniques for combating abiotic-biotic stresses with resistant varieties, correct irrigation techniques, soil improvement methods, physiological interventions, and biological methods are being developed every day. Biological methods that are effective in reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are emerging as sustainable methods as biofertilizers and biopesticides. Fungi such as Bacillus, Azotobacter, Rhizobium and Trichoderma are used as biocontrol agents and the production of auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin hormones in plants increases the tolerance of the plant to various stresses. Trichodermas are a species that has been intensively researched in recent years. The effect of Trichoderma on reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides as a result of the increase in the hairing capacity of the roots with its presence in the soil rhizosphere is a promising approach. In tomato, application of Trichoderma against drought and salt stress positively affected plant growth compared to control, while in spinach, which is sensitive to salt, in a study where Trichoderma was used together with biochar, it was reported that membrane leakage and ROS were reduced and the effect of salt damage was improved. In this review study, it was aimed to bring together the useful data obtained from the application of Trichoderma, a microbial fertilizer, to vegetable species such as lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) grown under biotic and abiotic stress conditions.